It is a blend of ingredients that provides the ideal mix of texture and moisture retention to simulate the soils found in their natural habitats.

The addition of pure limestone to the mix provides additional calcium if the substrate is eaten. It is also suitable for many species of lizards that originate from arid habitats.

Directions:
Spread the substrate evenly over the bottom of the enclosure to a depth of at least 2inches (5cm) for young animals and up to 6inch (15cm) or more for mature animals. Russian tortoises particularly may need a deeper substrate as they burrow extensively. Spot-clean daily to remove soiled substrate and replace completely every 2 or 3 weeks. Areas of the substrate can be sprayed to provide local humidity but avoid making the substrate too wet.